中式英语

《牛津英语词典》日前做了新一次的季度更新，收录了1400多个新词新义。中式英语“add oil”也被收录其中，立即成为广大网友津津乐道的话题。 其实，英语在发展过程中吸收了大量的外来语，其中有不少“中国元素”。下面，请跟双语君一起看看被《牛津英语词典》收录的那些中式英语吧!

Chinese netizens were thrilled to find out that the popular Chinese phrase"add oil" (jiayou) has been officially entered into the Oxford English Dictionary. Here is the definition.

由中文“加油”直译过来的词组add oil”被《牛津英语词典》收录，这让中国网友为之兴奋。下面我们来看看《牛津英语词典》给出的释义和理由吧。

"Add oil is an expression that has gained a lot of currency in Hong Kong in the last few years. A literal translation of the Cantonese phrase gayau, it is used by Hong Kong residents as an exclamation expressing encouragement or support."

“‘Add oil’是近年来流行于香港的一种表达方式，是对粤语‘加油’的直译，表达一种真心的鼓励或支持。

According to Oxford University Press, a word must require sufficient independent examples of use over a"reasonable amount of time" to be considered for inclusion in the Oxford English Dictionary.

牛津大学出版社表示，一个词需要“在足够长的时间”内应用实例足够多，才会被考虑纳入《牛津英语词典》。

The publishers also consider whether the word has reached a "level of general currency", meaning that it is understood by readers without the need of an explanation of its meaning.

同时，出版社还要考虑这个词是否已经达到了“普遍使用的程度”，即读者不需要注解便能理解它的意思。

Professor Hugo Tseng, who teaches English at Taiwan's Soochow University, discovered that a direct translation of jiayou - "add oil" - had been used in several cases. The most recent one was from China Daily's Hong Kong edition on June 7, 2016.

台湾东吴大学英文系教授曾泰元指出，“add oil”被收录之前已经被广泛使用了。他最近一次见到是在《中国日报》香港版2016年6月7日的报道中。

China Daily reported that"Hong Kong English continues to flourish in post-colonial Hong Kong, with some popular local expressions increasingly used in English rather than the original Cantonese. One example is 'add oil', a direct translation of gayau, a term of encouragement that means 'keep going'."

报道称:“港式英语在后殖民时代的香港继续蓬勃发展，很多当地的流行表达在英文中使用的频率反而比在广东话中还高。‘加油’就是一个例子，这是对gayau的直译，表达鼓励之意。

It concluded that "If we really are serious about being Asia's World City, we still have a lot of work to do. So add oil, everyone!"

文章总结道:“如果我们立志成为一个国际化的亚洲大都市，前方还有很长的路要走。所以各位，加油吧。！”

Jiaozi

Now, let's take a look at some other Chinese words included in the Oxford English Dictionary.

让我们看看还有哪些被《牛津英语词典》收录的中式英语吧。

In Chinese cookery: a crescent-shaped dumpling of thin pastry dough, stuffed with a finely minced paste(typically made of pork, cabbage and garlic chives), and steam-fried, deep-fried, grilled or boiled.

饺子是指中式烹饪中，由薄面皮包裹做成的月牙儿形的面食，馅料常为猪肉、卷心菜、韭菜等切成的细末，可煎、炸、烤、煮。

Goji berry

A bright-red edible berry widely cultivated in China, supposed to contain high levels of certain vitamins.

枸杞是一种可食用的鲜红色的浆果，在中国广泛种植，富含多种维生素。

A traditional Chinese gift of money presented in a red envelope.

红包是一种传统的中式礼物，即装有现金的红色信封。

Guanxi

The system of social net works and influential relationships that facilitate business and other dealings.

关系是指有助于促进事情发展的社交联系和人脉往来。

Wuxia

A genre of Chinese fiction or cinema featuring itinerant warriors of ancient China, often depicted as capable of superhuman feats of martial arts.

武侠是中国一种小说或电影的类型，描写中国古代那些武功盖世的游侠的故事。

Hutong

A narrow lane or alleyway in a traditional residential area of a Chinese city.

胡同指中国特有的一种古老的城市小巷。