The Legislation Law, enacted in 2000 and considered a foundation of China's legal system, regulates how national laws, government regulations and local laws come into shape and which organizations hold the legislative power in the country. The revision expands legislative power from 49 cities in China to 288 nationwide, empowering their legislatures to make local laws.
Guo Linmao, a member of the Legislative Affairs Commission of the NPC Standing Committee, told Xinhua that the resolve of the country's leadership to advance the rule of law has led to heavy pressure on the legislature and its work.
The revised law also underlines the principle of statutory taxation by singling it out in a provision, and makes it clear that a tax can only be levied and tax rate be set with the endorsement of the law.
Of China's 18 existing taxes, only three — individual income tax, corporate income tax, and vehicle and vessel tax — are levied through legislation, while the others are imposed through formal or provisional regulations issued by the State Council.
Also, the investigation of high-ranking officials during the NPC made Yang believe that the anti-corruption drive will not let up. Johnson also said that the anti-corruption campaign "would be sustained".
There are different challenges now, Johnson said. "Passing the river by feeling the stone worked very well in the past. Decision-making inside the system is changing," he said, adding that "there is no reason for pessimism".
On the Silk Road Economic Belt, Johnson said China's emphasis on the "One Belt One Road" policy should not be underestimated. In his last visit to China, he observed that "the government has the message that this is very important. This is a serious issue."
Scott Kennedy, deputy director and Freeman Chair in China Studies, said that "the Silk Road has the chance to become the largest Christmas tree ever, with many gifts hanging for many people. It has a potential to be a way to compensate those industries which aren't doing well."
Johnson said that President Xi Jinping's upcoming official visit to the US in September will be an "interesting moment".
"US public opinion toward China has been significantly improved," Yang said. He said that "opens up potentially some room for the two sides to maneuver".
He also believes "there is a serious commitment to make this relationship work".
Xinhua contributed to this story.
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