Different analysis methods cause of friction
Recent trade frictions between China and Europe have highlighted their different approaches to addressing such issues, and in my view, this stems from the latter side's inability to properly analyze China's economy and assess China's demands.
In statistics, there two main methodologies used to analyze data: one is cross-sectional analysis, the other is time-series analysis. The two methods differ in that cross-sectional analysis compares the current value of a certain variable with the current status of the same variable in other countries. While time-series analysis focuses more on comparing the current value of a variable with the value of the same variable in the past.
In other words, cross-sectional analysis is a static comparison of how things are today, while time-series analysis reveals how things have changed over time.