Things to know

What is the national census?

The once-in-a-decade national census is one of three regularly conducted surveys underpinning China's policymaking. The others are the five-yearly census on the national economy, and another on agricultural development, which also takes place every 10 years.

Why is it significant?

Since the 1950s, the central government has conducted seven national censuses.

The findings can shed light on the country's demographic changes over time and are closely watched as vital references for policymaking in areas ranging from birth to eldercare to employment.

For example, the 2010 census highlighted the accelerating aging process in the nation and prompted the authorities to begin to relax the one-child policy.

How is the data collected?

To get the job done, millions of census workers are deployed across the country to make house visits and collect personal and family data.

The surveyors make inquiries about topics including ID numbers, marital details, educational background and professional information. The 2020 census also included people's property ownership details and migration history.

In recent years, residents have been encouraged to use smartphones and other digital tools to submit personal and family information.

When did it begin?

The central authorities conducted the first national census in 1953. It was part of the preparations for the first meeting of the National People's Congress, China's top legislature, in 1954.-LI LEI