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Initial research to the publishing thought of Deng Xiaoping
Deng Xiaoping's publishing thought is an important part of Deng Xiaoping's theory. It is the scientific summary to the publishing theories with practices, and also the succession, development and contribution to the publishing outlook of Marxism by Deng. Although Deng had no specialized work for the publishing affairs, he elaborated abundant of the thoughts, theories and views to the publishing according to the basic principles of Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong thought in his works and talks, and also developed his created methods to the thinking, working and leading. First, insist the thought in which social benefit the sole criterion, holds the correct direction to the publish. Adhering to the correct direction with politics is a basic content of the publishing thought of Deng Xiaoping. Deng thinks that the press and publishing which are "ideological work", "It's the long-term and seriously political mission with us", and "it will be more effective on a broader scale than other means and will play a greater role in the carrying out of the leaders' intentions." Deng puts forward to publish work as it serves the political mission, he pointed out "All forces and groups subordinate their cultural work to their political mission: there is no such thing as culture which transcends politics." "Ideological, cultural, educational and public health departments should make social benefit the sole criterion for their activities, and so should the enterprises affiliated with them. People engaged in ideological and cultural work should create more fine intellectual products." "Trying to provide the people with the best mental nourishment." Deng opposes the tendency to commercialize intellectual product with the publish section. He scathingly pointed out that "this tendency to regard money as the only important thing, to commercialize intellectual products, is manifested in other creative fields as well. Someone who occupy positions in the fields of art and publishing or in departments in charge of cultural and historical relics have simply degenerated into merchants intent on nothing but profit." Second, insist the thought in which catch up the advanced level with the world, push forward the stride over development of publishing industry. Chase and exceed the advantage, develop quickly, is a core content of Deng's publishing thought. Deng laid claim to catch up and surpass with Asia's "four little dragons" in both material and ethical progress include the publishing. He said "not only in terms of economic growth, but also in terms of improved public order and general social conduct-that is, we should surpass them in both material and ethical progress. Only that can be considered building socialism with Chinese characteristics". Deng emphasized the publishing should round economic development. He said, "economic development is the pivot," "Any deviation from this pivotal task endangers our material base. Ass other tasks must revolve around the pivot and must absolutely not interfere with or upset it." Deng requested to do well the published work of the technology with education. He said, "Academic publication must be one of our concerns. Problems of publishing and printing in he fields of scientific research and education must be solved, and these matters must be included in the state plan." "We should try to ensure that academic dissertations and journals of value are printed and published." Deng encouraged learning the advanced culture from the other countries. He said, "if we want socialism to achieve superiority over capitalism, we should not hesitate to draw on the achievements of all cultures and to learn from other countries, including the developed capitalist countries, all advanced methods of operation and techniques of management that reflect the laws governing modern socialized production". "It is not just today, when we are scientifically and technologically backward, that we need to learn from others. Even after we catch up with the most advanced countries, we shall still have to learn from them in areas where they are particularly strong". Third, insist the thought in which reformation will promote the productive forced, continue to run the reformation within the publish unit. Reforming the systems and ways in managements is a pointed content of Deng Xiaoping's publishing thought. Deng proposed that the reformation which included the publishing field. He said, "By reform we mean something comprehensive, including reform of both the economic structure and the political structure and corresponding changes in all other areas". "involving industry, commerce and the service sector as well as the scientific, educational and cultural spheres". Deng emphasized to establish the strict responsibility system included the publishing unit, he said, "So far as the structure of management is concerned, the most important task at present is to strengthen the work responsibility system." "Right now a big problem in enterprises and institutions across the country and in Party and government organs at various levels is that nobody takes responsibility." Deng put forward to reform the distribution system, he said that "reform first and foremost, to break with egalitarianism, with the practice of having everyone 'eat from the same big pot'", otherwise, "It may appear that all are equal", "However, in fact this practice does not conform to the principle, 'to each according to his work', so how can it encourage people's initiative?" Deng called the strict management, saying, "We should enforce rules and regulations more strictly" Fourth, insist the thought in which the publish workers are engineers of human soul, enhance the building of the published troops completely. Enhance the personnel's characters and put forward the troops developments, is a key contents of Deng Xiaoping's publishing thought. Deng considered that the human beings is the key of the cause, he said, "The reason is simple: everything has to be done by people. Without a great many qualified people, we will not achieve our goal. So we urgently need to train and promote large numbers of them for our modernization progrmme." Deng hoped the cultural workers included the publishers to become the engineers of the soul, he said, "all our workers fighting on the ideological front should serve as 'engineers of the soul' ", and "hope that more and more comrades in their ranks will become real 'engineers of the human soul' ". Deng emphasized on truly value knowledge and intellectuals, he said, "The entire Party membership and the community at large must truly value knowledge and let intellectuals make their contribution. All these will ensure that we gradually realize our programme of modernization." Deng insists "red and expert" and "political integrity and professional competence" as person's standards, he said, "comrade Mao Zedong urged intellectuals to become both 'red and expert' ", "comrade Chen Yun said that in selecting cadres we should stress political integrity and professional competence", "the major criterion ids whether the person chosen can work for the good of the people and contribute to the development of the productive forces and to the socialist cause as a whole." Deng put forward to break the normal regulations and to choose the talented person, he said, "Trained personnel will mature only if we give them free rein. People of genuine ability should be promoted without hesitation and given pay raises of more than one step at a time. It is also a good idea to invite people to apply for jobs. " Fifth, insist the thought in which delegated power and managed by law, make well the macro-control in publishing area under the new conditions. Delegated power and managed by law is an important contents of Deng Xiaoping's publishing thought. Deng put forward to make well the macro-controls with new conditions. He considered "Now things are different. We exercise macrocontrol in order to enable the people to live a relatively comfortable life. We should no longer apply the methods that were used in the difficult times of the past. Now the central leadership issues orders and exercises its authority only on the major question-the question of basic direction." Deng promoted delegated power to lower levels, he thought that the power is over-concentrated, "will be difficult to five full scope to the initiative of local as well as national authorities and to the enterprises and workers, and difficult to practise modern economic management and raise the productivity of labour", "so it is necessary to devolve some of it to the lower levels without hesitation but in a planned way". Deng emphasized that to change management functions of published department, he pointed out, "Our leading organs at various levels have taken charge of many matters which they should not and cannot handle, or cannot handle efficiently. These matters could have been easily handled by the enterprises, institutions and communities at the grass-roots level, provided we had proper rules and regulations and they acted according to the principles of democratic centralism." Deng asked for lose no time to draw up laws in publishing, he put forward, "In particular, we should lose no time in drawing up laws and statutes, including ones to regulate assembly, association, demonstration, and the press and publishing." For the "some pornographic, obscene, filthy and repulsive photographs, films, publications and the like have been smuggled into our country through different channels", "Organizations at all levels should pay earnest attention to this problem and take firm and effective measures to ban and destroy this decadent rubbish and make sure that no more of it is allowed to enter China." Deng Xiaoping's publishing thought has plentiful and deep contents. It comes to close practice and have strong aim quality, which is involved the whole work in publishing, is the theory weapons and he practice guidebook for the publishing development. Learning and carrying out of Deng Xiaoping's publishing thought, have important significance in theories and practice for publishing, including to meet the needs of overall building a well-off society, put forward the reformation deeply on management system, promote developments of troops, and achieve the stride over development of publish industry. Meanwhile, it was the best celebration to Deng Xiaoping, the general designer of reformation and opening up policies with founder of Chinese characteristic socialism theories. (August 19, 2004) Reference: Selected works of Deng Xiaoping Volume I, Published by People Publishing House, the 2nd version, October 1994 Selected works of Deng Xiaoping Volume II, Published by People Publishing House, the 2nd version, October 1994 Selected works of Deng Xiaoping Volume III, Published by People Publishing House, the 2nd version, October 1994 The treasure-house in thoughts of persons of Communist Party of China published by Reformation Publishing House. |
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