Wheelchair Basketball 轮椅篮球

Every team is comprised of five players and seven substitutes. The match consists of four periods of ten minutes. After the first and the third period there is an interval of one minute. There is a 15-minute interval between the second and third period. If the score is tied at the end of playing time for the fourth period, the match will be continued with an extra period of five minutes or with as many such periods of five minutes as are necessary to break the tie.

参加轮椅篮球的每只队伍，场上有5名运动员，另有7名替补。每场比赛共4节，每节10分钟，第二场结束后，中场休息15分钟。根据运动员在投篮、传球、抢篮板球、带球、移动轮椅时躯干的活动能力不同，分为1 , 1.5 , 2 , 2.5 , 3 , 3.5 , 4 , 4.5共8个分值。

Wheelchair Fencing 轮椅击剑

In the able-bodied sport of Fencing, two fencers compete on a 14-metre strip. In Wheelchair Fencing, the competition is static. The wheelchairs are fixed in place to the ground by metal frames and the chair is preferably clamped to both sides of the frame to keep the chair from tipping. The fencer with the shortest arms decides if the playing area will be at his distance or that of his opponent. One hand holds the fencing weapon and the other is used to hold onto the chair when lunging and recovering.

男子有花剑、重剑、佩剑三个剑种，女子只有花剑和重剑两个剑种。比赛包括个人赛和团体赛，团体比赛每队有3名运动员参加，其中至少有1名B级的运动员（躯干活动度和持剑手有严重功能障碍的运动员）。

Wheelchair Rugby 轮椅橄榄球

Wheelchair Rugby is a unique sport combining some elements of Basketball, Handball, and Ice Hockey. The object of the game is to carry the ball across the opposing team's goal line. Two wheels must cross the goal line for a goal to count, and the player must have firm control of the ball when he or she crosses the line.

轮椅橄榄球的规则结合了篮球、橄榄球和冰球等项目的特点而制定。每个球队最多12名参赛队员，每队同一时间场上队员不超过4名。上场4名队员伤残分值之和不能超过8分。

轮椅橄榄球运动是一个特殊的集体球类项目。比赛中允许男、女混合组队参加，但每个国家和地区只能有一支球队，男、女运动员可以同场竞技，不再设置男子组、女子组，所以比赛项目只有一个大项。

Wheelchair Tennis 轮椅网球

Wheelchair Tennis appeared for the first time on the Paralympic Programme in Barcelona in 1992. It originated from the USA in the 1970s and continues to develop a strong following of players and fans internationally. The game follows able-bodied Tennis rules and athletes must have high levels of skill, fitness and strategy. The only difference in Wheelchair Tennis competitions is that the ball is allowed to bounce two times - the first bounce being within the bounds of the court.

轮椅网球运动1976年由美国人发起。1988年成立国际轮椅网球联合会(IWTF)。1988年第八届韩国汉城残奥会上轮椅网球首次成为表演项目，从1992年第九届西班牙巴塞罗那残奥会起正式作为比赛项目。

残奥会轮椅网球项目规则与奥运会网球规则基本相同。轮椅网球有特殊规定：允许网球在被回击前有两次反弹(如果接一次反弹球，该球必须是在场地界内弹起；如果是接两次反弹球，该球在被击回前的第二次反弹既可在界内，也可在界外。

（Source: IPC/新华网 英语点津姗姗编辑）