（六）加强社会建设和保障改善民生

6. Strengthening social development and ensuring and improving the wellbeing of the people

经济越发展，越要重视加强社会建设和保障改善民生。

The more the economy develops, the more attention we need to pay to strengthening social development and ensuring and improving people's wellbeing.

千方百计扩大就业。继续实施更加积极的就业政策。今年中央财政拟投入423亿元，用于扶助和促进就业。要适应我国劳动力结构特点，大力发展劳动密集型产业、服务业、小型微型企业和创新型科技企业，努力满足不同层次的就业需求。继续把高校毕业生就业放在首位，做好重点人群就业工作。加强职业技能培训，鼓励自主创业。加强公共就业服务，健全统一规范灵活的人力资源市场。加快就业信息网络建设，实现全国互联互通。加强劳动保障监察执法，完善劳动争议处理机制，依法维护劳动者权益，构建和谐劳动关系。

We will do everything in our power to expand employment. We will continue to implement a more proactive employment policy. This year the central government plans to invest 42.3 billion yuan to assist and promote employment. In light of the workforce structure in China, we will energetically develop labor-intensive industries, service industries, small and micro-businesses and innovative high-tech enterprises, and strive to satisfy the employment needs of different groups of people. We will continue to give top priority to the employment of university graduates and key groups.

We will strengthen vocational training and encourage people to start their own businesses. We will strengthen public services for employment, and improve the unified, standardized and flexible human resources market. We will more quickly develop job information networks and achieve nationwide connectivity. We will strengthen the supervision and enforcement of labor safeguards, improve mechanisms for resolving labor disputes, safeguard the rights and interests of workers in accordance with the law, and build harmonious labor relations.

合理调整收入分配关系。这既是一项长期任务，也是当前的紧迫工作。今年重点采取三方面措施：一是着力提高城乡低收入群众的基本收入。稳步提高职工最低工资、企业退休人员基本养老金和城乡居民最低生活保障标准。建立健全职工工资正常增长机制，严格执行最低工资制度。二是加大收入分配调节力度。提高个人所得税工薪所得费用扣除标准，合理调整税率结构，切实减轻中低收入者税收负担。有效调节过高收入，加强对收入过高行业工资总额和工资水平的双重调控，严格规范国有企业、金融机构高管人员薪酬管理。三是大力整顿和规范收入分配秩序。坚决取缔非法收入。加快建立收入分配监测系统。通过持续不断的努力，尽快扭转收入分配差距扩大趋势，努力使广大人民群众更多分享改革发展成果。

We will adjust income distribution in a reasonable manner. This is both a long-term task, and an urgent issue we need to address now. This year we will concentrate on the following three measures.

First, we will focus on increasing the basic incomes of low-income people in both urban and rural areas. We will steadily increase the minimum wage of workers, basic pensions of enterprise retirees, and subsistence allowances for both urban and rural residents. We will establish a sound mechanism of regular pay raises for workers and strictly enforce the minimum wage system.

Second, we will put more effort into adjusting income distribution. We will raise the individual income tax threshold on salaries, reasonably adjust the tax rate structure, and genuinely reduce the tax burden on low- and middle-income people. We will effectively regulate excessively high incomes, strengthen the dual controls on total wages and wage scales in industries in which incomes are excessively high, and strictly standardize the management of executive pay and bonuses in SOEs and financial institutions.

Third, we will vigorously overhaul and standardize income distribution. We will resolutely prohibit illicit income. We will quickly establish a system for monitoring income distribution. Through unremitting efforts, we will reverse the trend of a widening income gap as soon as possible and ensure that the people share more in the fruits of reform and development.

加快健全覆盖城乡居民的社会保障体系。将新型农村社会养老保险试点范围扩大到全国40%的县。推进城镇居民养老保险试点，解决集体企业退休人员养老保障的历史遗留问题，建立企业退休人员基本养老金正常调整机制。积极推进机关和事业单位养老保险制度改革。将国有企业、集体企业“老工伤”人员纳入工伤保险制度。完善城乡低保制度。继续多渠道增加社会保障基金。将孤儿养育、教育和残疾孤儿康复等纳入财政保障范围。继续推进残疾人社会保障体系和服务体系建设。加快推进社会保障管理信息化。发挥商业保险在完善社会保障体系中的作用。大力发展慈善事业。

We will accelerate the improvement of the social security system that covers both urban and rural residents. We will extend the pilot project for the new type of old-age insurance for rural residents to 40% of counties. We will move forward with the trials of old-age insurance for urban residents, solve longstanding problems concerning pensions for retirees of collectively owned enterprises, and put in place a mechanism to regularly adjust the basic pensions of enterprise retirees. We will actively press ahead with the reform of the old-age insurance system for government agencies and institutions. We will include employees of SOEs and collectively owned enterprises who suffer from old work-related injuries in the workers' compensation system. We will improve the subsistence allowance system for both urban and rural residents. We will continue to enlarge the pool of social security funds through multiple channels. Funding for raising and educating orphans and rehabilitating orphans with disabilities will be provided for in the government budget. We will continue to push forward the development of a social security system and a service system for people with disabilities. We will speed up the informationization of social security management. We will get commercial insurance to play a role in improving the social security system. We will also vigorously develop charity programs.

坚定不移地搞好房地产市场调控。加快健全房地产市场调控的长效机制，重点解决城镇中低收入家庭住房困难，切实稳定房地产市场价格，满足居民合理住房需求。一是进一步扩大保障性住房建设规模。今年要再开工建设保障性住房、棚户区改造住房共1000万套，改造农村危房150万户。重点发展公共租赁住房。中央财政预算拟安排补助资金1030亿元，比上年增加265亿元。各级政府要多渠道筹集资金，大幅度增加投入。抓紧建立保障性住房使用、运营、退出等管理制度，提高透明度，加强社会监督，保证符合条件的家庭受益。二是进一步落实和完善房地产市场调控政策，坚决遏制部分城市房价过快上涨势头。制定并向社会公布年度住房建设计划，在新增建设用地计划中，单列保障性住房用地，做到应保尽保。重点增加中小套型普通商品住房建设。规范发展住房租赁市场。严格落实差别化住房信贷、税收政策，调整完善房地产相关税收政策，加强税收征管，有效遏制投机投资性购房。加强房地产市场监测和市场行为监管，严厉查处各类违法违规行为。三是建立健全考核问责机制。稳定房价和住房保障工作实行省级人民政府负总责，市县人民政府负直接责任。有关部门要加快完善巡查、考评、约谈和问责制度，对稳定房价、推进保障性住房建设工作不力，从而影响社会发展和稳定的地方，要追究责任。

We will resolutely regulate the real estate market. We will act more quickly to improve the long-term mechanisms for regulating the real estate market, focus on solving housing difficulties for low- and middle-income families in urban areas, genuinely stabilize housing prices and meet the reasonable demands of residents for housing.

First, we will build more low-income housing. This year, the total number of units of new low-income housing and units in run-down areas that will undergo renovation will reach 10 million, and 1.5 million dilapidated rural houses will be renovated. We will give priority to developing public rental housing. The central government is allocating 103 billion yuan in this year's budget for subsidies to support this work, an increase of 26.5 billion yuan over last year. Governments at all levels need to raise funds through various channels and substantially increase spending in these areas. We will promptly establish an administrative system for the use, operation and return of low-income housing; increase transparency; and strengthen public oversight to ensure that eligible families benefit from low-income housing.

Second, we will further implement and improve policies for regulating the real estate market and firmly curb the excessively rapid rise of housing prices in some cities. We will formulate and announce an annual housing development plan, designate sites for building low-income housing in the plan for new construction sites, and make sure that all designated sites are used to develop low-income housing. Emphasis will be placed on building more ordinary small and medium-sized commodity housing units. We will standardize and develop the housing rental market. We will strictly implement differentiated housing credit and tax policies, adjust and improve tax policies on real estate, tighten tax collection and administration, and effectively curb the purchase of homes for speculation or investment purposes. We will strengthen monitoring of the real estate market and oversight of market behavior, and strictly deal with all violations of laws and regulations.

Third, we will establish sound evaluation and accountability mechanisms. Provincial governments have general responsibility and municipal and county governments have direct responsibility for stabilizing housing prices and guaranteeing the availability of low-income housing. Relevant government authorities need to more quickly improve inspection, appraisal, admonition and accountability systems. Localities that put insufficient effort into stabilizing house prices and promoting the construction of low-income housing and thereby affect social development and stability will be held accountable.

推进医药卫生事业改革发展。今年是医改三年实施方案的攻坚年，要确保完成各项目标任务。一是在基层全面实施国家基本药物制度。建立完善基本药物保障供应体系，加强药品监管，确保用药安全，切实降低药价。二是抓好公立医院改革试点。鼓励各地在医院管理体制、医疗服务价格形成机制和监管机制等方面大胆探索。完善医疗纠纷调处机制，改善医患关系。三是提高基本医疗保障水平。稳定提高城镇职工、居民医保参保率和新农合参合率。今年要把新农合和城镇居民医保财政补助标准提高到200元。四是完成农村三级卫生服务网络和城市社区卫生服务机构建设任务。今年全国人均基本公共卫生服务经费标准提高到25元。加强重大传染病、慢性病、职业病、地方病和精神疾病的预防控制和规范管理。加强妇幼保健工作，继续推进妇女宫颈癌、乳腺癌免费检查和救治保障试点。认真做好艾滋病防治工作。大力发展中医药和民族医药事业，落实各项扶持政策。五是鼓励社会资本举办医疗机构。放宽社会资本和外资举办医疗机构的准入范围。完善和推进医生多点执业制度，鼓励医生在各类医疗机构之间合理流动和在基层开设诊所，为人民群众提供便捷的医疗卫生服务。

We will press forward with the reform and development of the pharmaceutical and healthcare fields. This year will be crucial for implementing the three-year plan for reforming the pharmaceutical and healthcare systems, and we need to ensure that all targets are met.

First, we will fully implement the national system for basic drugs at the primary level. We will put in place a sound system to guarantee supplies of basic drugs, strengthen drug oversight, ensure drug safety and genuinely cut drug prices.

Second, we will do a good job in the pilot projects for reforming public hospitals. We will encourage all localities to make bold explorations concerning hospital management systems, the mechanism for setting prices for medical services and oversight mechanisms. We will improve the mechanism for settling medical disputes, and improve relations between hospitals and patients.

Third, we will raise the level of basic medical insurance. We will steadily cover more working and non-working urban residents under the medical insurance system and more farmers under the new rural cooperative medical care system. This year, government subsidies for the new rural cooperative medical care system and medical insurance for non-working urban residents will be increased to 200 yuan per person.

Fourth, we will complete the construction of the three-tiered county, township and village health service network in rural areas and community-based health service agencies in cities. We will increase government expenditures on basic public health services to an average of 25 yuan per person this year. We will strengthen the prevention, control and standardized management of major communicable diseases as well as chronic, occupational, endemic and mental illnesses. We will strengthen work concerning maternity and child health, and continue the trials of conducting free cervical cancer and breast cancer screenings for women and providing necessary medical treatment to those suffering from these diseases. We will conscientiously do the work of preventing and controlling HIV/AIDS. We will vigorously develop traditional Chinese medicine and ethnic minority medicine and implement supporting policies.

Fifth, we will encourage nongovernmental investors to establish medical institutions. We will expand market access for nongovernmental and foreign investors looking to establish medical institutions. We will improve and advance the system whereby doctors are allowed to work in more than one practice, encourage the reasonable flow of doctors between all types of medical institutions, and encourage them to set up community-level clinics in order to provide convenient medical and health services for the masses.

全面做好人口和计划生育工作。继续稳定低生育水平。做好流动人口计划生育服务管理工作。加强出生缺陷干预，进一步扩大免费孕前优生健康检查试点，做好孕产妇和婴幼儿保健工作。农村妇女住院分娩率达到95%以上。实施新一轮妇女儿童发展纲要，切实保护妇女和未成年人权益。加快建立健全老年人社会服务体系，加强公益性养老服务设施建设。

We will comprehensively carry out population and family planning. We will keep the birthrate low. We will do a good job of providing family planning services to and managing the floating population. We will strengthen efforts to prevent birth defects, further expand the pilot projects of free pre-pregnancy checkups, and do a good job ensuring the health of pregnant and post-natal women, infants and preschool children. The rate of hospital deliveries is expected to exceed 95% for women in rural areas. We will implement a new round of the Program for the Development of Women and Children and effectively protect the rights and interests of women and minors. We will accelerate the establishment of a sound social services system for the elderly and intensify the development of nonprofit old-age service facilities.

加强和创新社会管理。强化政府社会管理职能，广泛动员和组织群众依法参与社会管理，发挥社会组织的积极作用，完善社会管理格局。以城乡社区为载体，以居民需求为导向，整合人口、就业、社保、民政、卫生、文化等社会管理职能和服务资源，实现政府行政管理与基层群众自治有效衔接和良性互动。加快建立健全维护群众权益机制、行政决策风险评估和纠错机制，加强信访、人民调解、行政调解、司法调解工作，拓宽社情民意表达渠道，切实解决乱占耕地、违法拆迁等群众反映强烈的问题。加强和完善公共安全体系。健全突发事件应急体制，提高全社会危机管理和抗风险能力。加强信息安全和保密工作，完善信息网络管理。加强社会治安综合治理，严密防范、依法打击各类违法犯罪活动。落实企业安全生产和产品质量主体责任，坚决遏制重特大安全生产事故。完善食品安全监管体制机制，健全法制，严格标准，完善监测评估、检验检测体系，强化地方政府监管责任，加强监管执法，全面提高食品安全保障水平。

We will strengthen and make innovations in social administration. We will strengthen the government's social administration functions, extensively mobilize and organize the masses to participate in social administration in accordance with the law, make use of the positive role of social groups, and improve the structure of social administration. With urban and rural communities as the channel and public demand as our guide, we will integrate social administration functions and service resources in the areas of population, employment, social security, civil administration, public health, and culture, and establish effective connections and positive interactions between government administration and primary-level self-governance.

We will accelerate the establishment of sound mechanisms for safeguarding people's rights and interests, and for evaluating the risks of administrative decisions and correcting wrong decisions. We will strengthen the work related to the handling of petitioners' letters and visits and step up people's, administrative and legal mediations; expand the channels for people to report on social conditions and popular sentiment; and effectively solve problems that cause great resentment among the masses, such as unauthorized expropriations of arable land and illegal demolitions of houses. We will strengthen and improve the system of public security. We will improve the contingency response system, and enhance society's capacity to manage crises and withstand risks.

We will intensify our information security and secrecy, and improve management of information networks. We will improve all facets of public security, and be on high alert for and crack down on all kinds of crime in accordance with the law. We will get enterprises to assume primary responsibility for workplace safety and product quality, and resolutely curb major workplace accidents. We will improve oversight systems and mechanisms for food safety; improve relevant laws and regulations; strictly enforce standards; improve monitoring, evaluation, inspection and testing systems; make local governments assume more oversight responsibility; strengthen oversight and law enforcement; and comprehensively raise our capacity to ensure food safety.

各级政府一定要把社会管理和公共服务摆到更加重要的位置，切实解决人民群众最关心最直接最现实的利益问题。

Governments at all levels must pay more attention to social administration and public services and effectively solve the most practical problems of the greatest and most direct concern to the people.

（来源：新华网 编辑：崔旭燕）