你知道It's gone south和It went south的意思吗? 它是指"让我们去南方"吗?这里south 到底是指哪里?
如果你把所有的It's gone south都认为是"去南方"的意思, 那可就犯错误了,实际上很多情况下它已经没有"去南方"的意思了,而是"情况变得越来越糟糕"的意思。South在这里为什么会有这层意思呢?会不会是短语sell down the river(欺骗某人, 出卖某人)中"down" 所指的当年奴隶制度盛行的美国南部地区?
当我们使用to go south / to head south的比喻义时,其表达的意思是"下降,变坏;数量、质量或价值的减少"。To go south和to sell down the river这两条习语基本上没什么联系, 最多,我们经常将"去南方"(to go to the south)说成"南下"(to go down to the south)。
据《美国习语用法词典》记载go south的用法在20世纪初就有了。但我们目前资料库中最早的用法已经是1974年9月21日出版的《商业周刊》: "The market then rallies, falls back to test its low--and just keeps 'heading South,' as they say on the Street." 查阅20世纪80年代前的报刊杂志,几乎所有用到go south的地方用的都是其字面意思,而没有什么比喻义用法的迹象。例如:"clothes designed for those who go South for the winter",又如路标指示语中所用到的"go south on Route 424"等等。
1985年2月出版的电视文摘公司《每日通讯》上有go south做习语用的句子: "Rosy view of VCR impact was somewhat contradicted during dinner talk by Frank Biondi, exec. vp of Coca-Cola's Entertainment Business Sector and ex-chmn. of HBO. In other countries, when VCR penetration hits 30%, 'theatrical attendance starts to go south and very quickly,' Biondi said."
但当时south仍经常被加引号使用,说明这个短语的比喻义用法还不那么被广泛接受。在一场篮球赛事后所做的评论里,胜方的一名队员被引述说: "We were fortunate. When you play on the road, things can go 'south' for you" (摘自美联社1986年1月24日电讯).出现在1986年的一则引语当中的south是用来指人的: "'Then all but one of those I nominated voted for the freeway site', the Mayor remarked wryly. 'You know people you put in office go south on you sometimes'" (摘自《纽约时报》).
今天,如果翻翻流行杂志的话,会发现go south的比喻义用法比比皆是。1990年12月一篇有关电脑的文章里写到:"A PC clone may go south, and you're left with a pile of junk that is not supported by anyone" (InfoWorld)。而Forbes Magazine一篇文章里预测电脑销售前景不妙的标题更能生动地体现这个短语的意思:"PC Sales Go South For The Holidays."
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